The Trump administration has quietly instructed federal prosecutors in Miami to avoid pursuing criminal investigations into Venezuela's acting President Delcy Rodríguez, a longtime target of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, according to current and former U.S. law enforcement officials. The directive to pause scrutiny into Rodríguez was meant to avoid upsetting the administration's efforts to stabilize Venezuela after the capture of her predecessor, Nicolás Maduro, among other reasons, the official said.
DEA records obtained by The Associated Press earlier this year show she consistently surfaced on the radar of federal law enforcement dating to at least 2018, though she has never been criminally charged in the U.S. like several other senior Venezuelan officials. It was unclear whether prosecutors had implicated Rodríguez in any crimes or whether investigators were moving toward an indictment. A Justice Department spokesperson said in an email, "there was never an investigation into her to shut down."
One of the former officials said, "Everybody has been told to stand down." The former officials, who had been briefed on the development, as well as the current official all spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to publicly discuss internal deliberations. It was not clear whether the White House, which deferred comment to the Justice Department, was involved in the decision. Rodríguez, a U.S. attorney representing her and the Venezuelan Communications Ministry didn't respond to requests for comment.
Strategic Priorities and Energy Access
Removing the threat of potential indictment, even temporarily, eases pressure on Rodríguez as the Trump administration seeks to work with the acting leader to stabilize Venezuela after Maduro's ouster and open the country to U.S. investment. President Donald Trump praised Rodríguez as a "terrific person" shortly after the U.S. military took Maduro and his wife to New York to face federal narcotics charges. Both have pleaded not guilty.
In recent months, the U.S. has lifted sanctions against Rodríguez and recognized her as Venezuela's sole head of state, allowing her to re-establish ties with western banks and more freely work with U.S. investors seeking to tap into the world's largest petroleum reserves. As ties between the two governments have deepened, some have held out the Venezuelan playbook — characterized by oil blockades, indictments of top leaders, and threats of military intervention — as a model to drive regime change from within as the U.S. pressures other longtime adversaries in Iran and Cuba.
Rodríguez and her brother, Jorge Rodríguez, the head of the National Assembly, were hit with U.S. sanctions during Trump's first term for their role in undermining Venezuelan democracy and cementing Maduro's authoritarian rule. Rodríguez "is doing a great job," Trump wrote on social media in early March. "The Oil is beginning to flow, and the professionalism and dedication between both Countries is a very nice thing to see!"
In recent months, Rodríguez has hosted ceremonies with a steady stream of American oilmen, some of them partaking in high-profile delegations led by U.S. Energy Secretary Chris Wright and Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum. Missing in all the mutual backslapping is any talk of elections, even as Rodríguez last month blew through a 90-day limit set by Venezuela's high court to fill Maduro's position on a temporary basis. "I don't know," she responded in English when a visiting U.S. journalist earlier this month shouted out a question about her time frame for holding elections. "Some time."
Congressional Scrutiny and DEA Intelligence
Sen. Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, the top Democrat on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has demanded the administration explain its favorable treatment of Rodríguez, calling her a "central figure in Nicolás Maduro's repressive regime." "Sanctions have been lifted on Ms. Rodríguez without any indication that she has taken concrete and meaningful actions to restore democratic order," Shaheen, joined by Sen. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts, wrote in a letter to Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Secretary of Treasury Scott Bessent last week.
Rick de la Torre, a former CIA chief of station in Caracas, said that the decision to shield Rodríguez fits well with the Trump administration's foreign policy goals in Venezuela. "She's a lifelong Marxist and was a senior leader of one of the world's most corrupt regimes but the U.S. is providing her with breathing space and carrots to lay the foundation for democracy and U.S. investment," said de la Torre, the CEO of Tower Strategy, which advises companies on Venezuela. "There's a shelf life to her utility, however. At some point she will face justice," he added.
The DEA had amassed a detailed intelligence file on Rodríguez dating to at least 2018, and has received allegations about her ranging from drug trafficking to gold smuggling, the AP reported earlier this year. One confidential informant told DEA in early 2021 that Rodríguez was using hotels in the Caribbean resort of Isla Margarita "as a front to launder money," the records show. Her name has surfaced in nearly a dozen DEA investigations — several of which remained ongoing as recently as this year — involving field offices from Paraguay and Ecuador to Phoenix and New York.
She had even been linked to Maduro's alleged bag man, Alex Saab, whom U.S. authorities first arrested in 2020 on money-laundering charges, the records show. Rodríguez deported Saab this month as part of a purge of insider businessmen who are accused of having enriched themselves through corrupt dealings with Maduro. It's unclear in which Miami investigations Rodríguez's name surfaced. Two of the former officials said Rodríguez has also come up in meetings with investigators in Tampa tasked last year by former Attorney General Pam Bondi with looking into financial crimes in Venezuela. At the time, Rodríguez was serving as Maduro's vice president.
Broader Pattern of Enforcement Decisions
Justice Department policy requires the attorney general to personally approve the charging of any foreign head of state, who are normally immune from prosecution under international and U.S. law. The pausing of the investigations into Rodríguez comes as the Trump administration has similarly tapped the brakes on ongoing federal investigations into another prominent Latin American leftist, Colombian President Gustavo Petro. The DEA had also designated Petro a "priority target" over alleged ties to drug traffickers that had been probed for months by federal prosecutors. The New York Times reported in March that U.S. officials recently assured the Colombian government Petro does not face charges in those cases.
Duncan Levin, a former prosecutor who worked for the U.S. attorney's office in Brooklyn, said it would be "deeply troubling" for law enforcement to be "told to stand down from a legitimate investigation for political or transactional reasons." "The White House cannot use criminal enforcement as a diplomatic light switch," Levin told AP. "DOJ decisions are supposed to be based on law, evidence, policy and public safety — not on whether a foreign official is useful to the administration at a given moment."
Why This Matters:
The administration's decision to pause investigations into Rodríguez reflects a calculated approach to securing American energy and economic interests in Venezuela, home to the world's largest petroleum reserves. With oil beginning to flow and U.S. investors gaining access to previously closed markets, the strategic calculus prioritizes near-term stability over immediate prosecution. Yet the absence of any timeline for democratic elections raises questions about whether temporary accommodation of a former Maduro regime official will yield lasting institutional reform or merely enable a different form of authoritarian governance. The precedent of pausing criminal investigations for diplomatic purposes, now applied to both Venezuelan and Colombian leaders, tests the boundaries between prosecutorial independence and executive foreign policy prerogatives. For American businesses seeking opportunities in Venezuela, the current opening depends entirely on Rodríguez's continued cooperation—a fragile foundation given her extensive DEA file and past role in cementing authoritarian rule.