Who Pays for Austerity
Under President Javier Milei’s austerity, disabled Argentines risk losing essential services, and the people paying first are the ones who already depend on care to get through the day. Analía Celis, a 34-year-old with intellectual disability and cerebral palsy, cannot walk, cannot work, and struggles to speak, but sports therapy eased her taut muscles, baking gave her a sense of independence, and painting with her peers helped her connect without words. Now those routines are being ripped away by the government’s cuts.
Milei has taken his signature chain saw to specialized therapy programs that for decades have represented a lifeline to Celis and many more of the estimated 5 million Argentines with disabilities. In recent months, the government has frozen payments to organizations providing therapeutic and educational services to people with disabilities. Participants have been deprived of carefully designed routines, their advocates and families say, while elements of a social safety net once regarded as robust by regional standards have been dismantled.
Martín Lucero, the legal representative of Argentine nonprofit Andar that runs a day center for people with disabilities outside Buenos Aires, said, “I never imagined we’d be at this point, selling our vehicles because we don’t have enough money to keep the lights on.” Andar has been so squeezed that it stopped running round-trip bus commutes to the center two months ago, stranding Celis and dozens of others across the sprawling Buenos Aires suburb of Moreno who depended on its free, customized transport to attend.
What the System Calls Reform
Lucero said, “The only solution can’t be cutting off a person from a space they need for their development. This is a political choice.” That line lands harder than the government’s own language about “reform,” because the state has framed the cuts to disability programs as part of an effort to eliminate fraud and waste in federal bureaucracy. A spokesperson for the president did not respond to multiple requests for comment.
Since Milei took office in late 2023, his austerity agenda has made him an icon of the global conservative backlash against the liberal establishment. Much like its allies in the Trump administration, his government has portrayed the cuts to disability programs as part of a reform process. But the machinery underneath is plain enough: Argentina’s disability care providers, including day centers like Andar but also residential programs, special education and job and skills training, operate on revenue received through billings of state-run insurance programs.
The debts of these nonprofits have been mounting due to irregular government payments and reimbursement rates held below sky-high inflation. But things got worse six months ago, they say, when the flow of money stopped altogether. To reduce costs, they have increasingly slashed staff, delayed salaries, shrunk meals and shortened their hours. There is no official tally of how many therapeutic centers have been forced to close, but disability rights groups estimate up to 50 shut down this year, many in Argentina’s rural provinces.
Abandoned by the Apparatus
Roman Pontecorvo, a 28-year-old with intellectual disability who discovered a passion for acting at Andar, said, “I want to tell the president to look at us, to really see us, to come here and meet us. If Andar closes, many of us will be left with nothing. It will be total chaos.” Andar says around 30% of the 150 people with disabilities enrolled in its day program can no longer reach the center, a bucolic stretch of land with a soccer field, vegetable garden and professional-grade kitchen where participants can earn a monthly wage working for its catering service.
Without programming, therapists say, people with disabilities can quickly regress. Clementina Tabares, 74, Celis’ mother, said, “She wakes up three or four times every night screaming that she wants to go to the farm.” Tabares now misses her own medical appointments because Celis requires round-the-clock care. Celis spends all day in bed with a blanket hanging over the window to block out the sun and rock music blaring from her phone, occasionally groaning in agitation. Tabares said, “She’s shutting herself away. That scares me.”
Rights advocates say there’s a simple fix: implementing a law passed last year that declared an emergency for people with disabilities. It boosts benefits that have lost 30% of their value to inflation and guarantees funding for providers until at least December 2026. Milei has stalled the law’s entry into force, arguing that its fiscal impact, roughly 0.35% of gross domestic product, would undermine his hard-won budget surplus, Argentina’s first after decades of deficit.
Milei said after vetoing the law last year, “Using noble causes, they pass laws that drive the nation into bankruptcy.” Congress overrode his veto. Court battles are playing out over the allocation of money. In a stinging decision, a federal judge on May 18 gave the government 72 hours to restore frozen payments to providers in compliance with the law, writing that, for people with disabilities, “the interruption of treatment generates setbacks in development.” The government appealed.
Fraud Claims, Power Plays, and Emptying the System
Milei has meanwhile introduced a bill that would formally dismantle the current system of state payments to therapeutic centers, empowering private insurance programs and provincial governments to negotiate their own rates with providers. It would also place new restrictions on who qualifies for benefits, ending subsidies for all but those below the poverty line with disabilities classified as “complete” and “permanent.” The bill, which has drawn backlash from rights groups, is awaiting congressional debate.
Months before billionaire Elon Musk, of the Trump administration’s short-lived Department of Government Efficiency, falsely claimed that millions of dead people had received Social Security checks, Argentine officials alleged a similarly surreal scam: that beneficiaries were fabricating medical tests to cheat the government out of disability money, including, in at least one case, by submitting X-rays of an injured dog. The extent of such schemes remains unclear. Authorities have not offered evidence of rampant abuse.
Prosecutors, however, are investigating accusations of corruption at a higher level: In recordings leaked last year, the ex-director of the national disability agency, Diego Spagnuolo, described Karina Milei, the president’s sister and closest adviser, taking hundreds of thousands of dollars in kickbacks from pharmaceutical companies seeking public contracts. Milei has denied wrongdoing on his sister’s behalf.
As auditing efforts acquired urgency, the government shut down the national disability agency, Andis, laying off hundreds of workers and consolidating disability programs under the Health Ministry. Few dispute the need for more transparency. But critics say the government appears less interested in improving the system than in tearing it down altogether. Celeste Fernandez, co-director of the Civic Association for Equality and Justice in Buenos Aires, which led a successful lawsuit against the government last year after Andis suspended 140,000 disability checks on suspicion of fraud, said, “Dismantling institutions without building alternatives leaves people abandoned.” In most cases, the government later acknowledged, beneficiaries had simply failed to obey or understand the summons to attend in-person assessments, often at offices hundreds of miles from their homes. Fernandez said, “The government is not carrying out a serious reform. It is simply emptying the system.”