President Donald Trump said Monday he will move to suspend the federal tax on gasoline to help Americans shoulder surging fuel prices caused by the Iran war, though the proposal faces significant concerns about its impact on the Highway Trust Fund, which provides more than $23 billion per year in revenue for federal highway and public transit programs.
The president cannot suspend the federal tax on his own, and Congress would have to approve the move. The federal tax is currently set at 18.4 cents per gallon on gasoline and 24.4 cents per gallon on diesel fuel, not including state taxes, which often are higher.
As of Monday, the average national gas price was $4.52 a gallon, according to the AAA motor club, 50% higher than the average price of just under $3 a gallon before Trump began the war against Iran. Asked by reporters at the White House how long the tax should be suspended, Trump said, "Until it's appropriate." He also said, "it's still money."
Congressional Response and Fiscal Concerns
Senate Majority Leader John Thune said Monday he has not "been a fan" of a gas tax suspension, but added, "You know, I've got some colleagues out there who think it's a good idea. So, we'll hear them out." Thune, a Republican from South Dakota, said he'd prefer to reopen the Strait of Hormuz to "normalize gas prices" without legislation. "Obviously, any time you suspend the gas tax, that leaves a big hole in the highway trust fund, which also has implications down the road," he said.
Sen. John Cornyn, who is in a tough runoff race later this month to keep his seat, said he wants to know how roads and bridges would be paid for if the tax is lifted. But he said there's a "difference between a temporary suspension and a permanent suspension." "A temporary suspension to get through this sort of bumpy time because of the uncertainty about energy prices, I could live with that," he said.
Sen. Rand Paul, R-Ky., said that "instead of suspending the tax, we should suspend the war."
Legislative Activity
Republican Sen. Josh Hawley of Missouri said on social media Monday that he will introduce legislation to suspend the gas tax. Rep. Anna Paulina Luna, R-Fla., also said in a post on X that she will introduce a bill "to suspend the federal gas tax in light of Trump's recent remarks."
A bill sponsored by Democratic Sens. Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut and Mark Kelly of Arizona would suspend the federal tax through Oct. 1. A similar measure was sponsored in the House by Democratic Rep. Chris Pappas of New Hampshire. Kelly told reporters Monday he still prefers his legislation but would take "whatever we can get at this point." He said, "People need relief."
Market Mechanisms and State Actions
As gas prices have spiked, the Trump administration has released millions of barrels of oil from the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve and temporarily lifted sanctions on some Russian and Iranian oil shipments already at sea. The U.S. is negotiating with countries reliant on Middle East crude to join a coalition to police the Strait of Hormuz, where about one-fifth of the world's traded oil normally flows.
Several states, including Indiana and Georgia, have recently suspended their taxes to alleviate high prices amid the war. Kentucky and Utah have reduced their state tax. Other states are weighing similar suspensions or tax reductions.
Industry Concerns About Effectiveness
The gasoline tax is the single largest source of revenue for federal highway and public transit programs. While proposed bills would offset any lost Highway Trust Fund revenue with general funds, the tax suspension could raise the federal deficit and jeopardize the long-term sustainability of investments for highway and public transit programs, according to the American Road & Transportation Builders Association, which represents the transportation construction industry.
The group cites studies showing that many retailers do not pass on the full amount of the gas tax reduction to consumers. Research also suggests that state and federal gas taxes are just one component of a complex pricing scheme that includes the global price of oil and other factors.
Trump has previously said higher fuel prices are worth paying to prevent Iran from getting a nuclear weapon. That hardline message appeared to soften Sunday as Energy Secretary Chris Wright said the Trump administration was "open to all ideas," including a suspension of the gas tax, during an interview on NBC's "Meet the Press."
Why This Matters:
The proposed gas tax suspension presents a direct trade-off between short-term consumer relief and long-term infrastructure financing. The Highway Trust Fund's $23 billion annual revenue stream supports critical transportation infrastructure that enables commerce and economic activity. While offsetting lost revenue with general funds may provide temporary relief, it shifts infrastructure costs from user fees to broader taxpayers and potentially increases the federal deficit. Industry research indicating retailers may not pass through the full tax reduction raises questions about the policy's effectiveness as consumer relief. The debate reflects tensions between addressing immediate price pressures through fiscal policy versus market-based solutions like reopening the Strait of Hormuz, which carries one-fifth of globally traded oil, to restore normal supply conditions without compromising infrastructure funding sustainability.