Threats to shipping from the Iran-aligned Houthi rebels in Yemen have intensified concerns over Red Sea security, a critical global maritime route. Massad Boulos, President Donald Trump’s senior adviser for Arab and African affairs, rejected claims that Washington was negotiating a secret arrangement involving Eritrea, stating no such agreement existed or was under consideration. His remarks came amid increased scrutiny of US diplomatic engagement with Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Egypt, nations central to disputes over regional security and access to the Red Sea.
Boulos affirmed on X that the Trump administration continues to pursue regional peace through diplomatic engagements with Egypt, Eritrea, and Ethiopia. He unequivocally clarified that claims of negotiating or considering any secret deal involving Eritrea against another regional partner were categorically false. Boulos didn't identify the specific regional partner, but the wording appeared to address Ethiopia.
Red Sea Under Threat
Washington has increased its diplomatic focus on Eritrea, a strategically located Red Sea state boasting over 1,000km of coastline. Eritrea’s position along one of the world’s most important maritime routes elevates its strategic importance as tensions rise around Red Sea security. The Iran-aligned Houthi rebels in Yemen pose a direct threat to international shipping in this vital waterway.
Boulos has previously engaged with Eritrean officials as part of efforts to improve ties, recognizing the nation's critical role in regional stability. Cairo has also played a role in facilitating contact between Washington and Asmara, with Egyptian leaders holding discussions with Boulos. This diplomatic outreach has fueled speculation among regional observers that Eritrea could become part of a broader alignment.
Countering Iran's Proxy Network
Such an alignment could involve Egypt and other countries concerned about Ethiopia’s growing regional influence, forming a bulwark against destabilizing forces. Ethiopia and Eritrea fought a devastating border war from 1998 to 2000, 26 to 28 years ago, before restoring diplomatic relations 8 years ago in 2018. Relations subsequently deteriorated following Eritrea’s involvement in Ethiopia’s Tigray conflict and continuing disagreements over regional security and Red Sea access.
Ethiopia has also remained locked in a dispute with Egypt over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Cairo has warned about potential impacts on downstream water supplies, while Addis Ababa views the project as vital for development. These internal regional tensions underscore the complex environment in which Iran's proxy network seeks to expand its influence.
Strategic Diplomacy for Regional Stability
Boulos stated Washington’s engagement with the three countries was aimed at advancing lasting peace and stability throughout the Horn of Africa. He criticized what he described as false claims and speculation about alleged regional agreements. Such allegations, he warned, could undermine crucial diplomatic efforts to secure the region.
The Trump administration has in recent months placed greater emphasis on the Horn of Africa. This region faces intense competition over Red Sea influence, maritime security, and unresolved conflicts, drawing growing international attention. Securing this critical area against Islamist expansionism remains a paramount concern for Western interests.